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Na

Sodium

Atomic number: 11Mass: 22.99 uCategory: Alkali Metal

About Sodium

Sodium is a soft, silvery-white, highly reactive alkali metal. It is the sixth most abundant element in the Earth's crust. Sodium is essential in the human body for nerve function and maintaining fluid balance.

Properties

Period
3
Group
1
Block
S
Category
Alkali Metal
Electronegativity
0.93 (Pauling)
Ionization Energy
495.8 kJ/mol
Melting Point
371 K (98°C)
Boiling Point
1156 K (883°C)
Density
0.968 g/cm³
Oxidation States
+1

Electron Configuration

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹
[Ne] 3s¹
Shell 1:2e⁻
Shell 2:8e⁻
Shell 3:1e⁻

Real-World Uses

Table salt (NaCl)
Street lighting
Soap making
Food preservation
Metal smelting

Fun Fact

Sodium explodes violently when dropped in water — the reaction produces hydrogen gas that ignites instantly!