Mn
Manganese
Atomic number: 25Mass: 54.938 uCategory: Transition Metal
About Manganese
Manganese is a hard, brittle, silvery metal. It is an essential trace element in the diet of animals. Manganese is widely used in steel production to improve hardness and toughness.
Properties
Period
4
Group
7
Block
D
Category
Transition Metal
Electronegativity
1.55 (Pauling)
Ionization Energy
717.3 kJ/mol
Melting Point
1519 K (1246°C)
Boiling Point
2334 K (2061°C)
Density
7.3 g/cm³
Oxidation States
-3, -2, -1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7
Electron Configuration
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁵ 4s²
[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s²
Shell 1:2e⁻
Shell 2:8e⁻
Shell 3:13e⁻
Shell 4:2e⁻
Real-World Uses
Steel alloys
Dry cell batteries
Fertilizers
Pigments
Water purification
Fun Fact
Manganese has the most oxidation states of any element — it can exist in 9 different states from -3 to +7!