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Li

Lithium

Atomic number: 3Mass: 6.94 uCategory: Alkali Metal

About Lithium

Lithium is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal. It is the lightest metal and the lightest solid element. Like all alkali metals, lithium is highly reactive and flammable.

Properties

Period
2
Group
1
Block
S
Category
Alkali Metal
Electronegativity
0.98 (Pauling)
Ionization Energy
520.2 kJ/mol
Melting Point
454 K (181°C)
Boiling Point
1603 K (1330°C)
Density
0.534 g/cm³
Oxidation States
+1

Electron Configuration

1s² 2s¹
[He] 2s¹
Shell 1:2e⁻
Shell 2:1e⁻

Real-World Uses

Rechargeable batteries
Psychiatric medication
Lubricating greases
Aircraft alloys
Nuclear reactors

Fun Fact

Lithium reacts so vigorously with water that it must be stored in mineral oil to prevent it from catching fire!